online satta king app

Introduction The world of online entertainment has seen a significant shift with the advent of mobile applications catering to various forms of gambling and betting. One such app that has gained immense popularity is the Online Satta King App. This app has revolutionized the traditional Satta Matka game, making it accessible to a broader audience and providing a seamless gaming experience. What is Satta King? Origins of Satta Matka Satta King, also known as Satta Matka, is a form of lottery-based gambling that originated in India.

  • Lucky Ace Palace
    new
    Luck&Luxury100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Cash King Palace
    Royal Wins100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Starlight Betting Lounge
    Celestial Bet100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Golden Spin Casino
    Luxury Play100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Silver Fox Slots
    Elegance+Fun100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Spin Palace Casino
    Win Big Now100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Royal Fortune Gaming
    Opulence & Thrills100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Diamond Crown Casino
    Opulence & Fun100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Lucky Ace Casino
    Luck&Luxury100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Royal Flush Lounge
    Opulent Play100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more

Source

  1. online satta king app
  2. online satta king app
  3. online satta king app
  4. online satta king app
  5. online satta king app
  6. online satta king app

online satta king app

Introduction

The world of online entertainment has seen a significant shift with the advent of mobile applications catering to various forms of gambling and betting. One such app that has gained immense popularity is the Online Satta King App. This app has revolutionized the traditional Satta Matka game, making it accessible to a broader audience and providing a seamless gaming experience.

What is Satta King?

Origins of Satta Matka

Satta King, also known as Satta Matka, is a form of lottery-based gambling that originated in India. It gained popularity in the 1950s and 1960s and has since evolved into various forms. The game involves betting on the opening and closing rates of cotton transmitted from the New York Cotton Exchange to the Bombay Cotton Exchange.

Transition to Online Platforms

With the advent of technology, Satta Matka made its way to online platforms, making it easier for players to participate from anywhere in the world. The Online Satta King App is a modern adaptation of this traditional game, offering a user-friendly interface and a range of features to enhance the gaming experience.

Features of the Online Satta King App

User-Friendly Interface

  • Intuitive Design: The app is designed with simplicity in mind, ensuring that both novice and experienced players can navigate it easily.
  • Responsive Controls: The app offers smooth and responsive controls, making it easy to place bets and track results.

Secure Transactions

  • Encrypted Payments: The app uses advanced encryption technology to ensure that all transactions are secure and protected from fraud.
  • Multiple Payment Options: Players can choose from a variety of payment methods, including credit/debit cards, e-wallets, and bank transfers.

Real-Time Updates

  • Live Results: The app provides real-time updates on game results, ensuring that players are always informed.
  • Notifications: Users receive notifications for important events, such as new game launches or special promotions.

Bonuses and Rewards

  • Welcome Bonus: New users are often greeted with a welcome bonus to kickstart their gaming experience.
  • Loyalty Programs: Regular players can benefit from loyalty programs that offer rewards and discounts.

How to Get Started with the Online Satta King App

Downloading the App

  1. Visit the Official Website: The first step is to visit the official website of the Online Satta King App.
  2. Download the App: From the website, download the app for your preferred device (iOS or Android).
  3. Install the App: Once the download is complete, install the app on your device.

Creating an Account

  1. Sign Up: Open the app and click on the “Sign Up” button.
  2. Provide Details: Enter your personal details, including name, email, and phone number.
  3. Verify Account: Verify your account by clicking on the link sent to your email or phone.

Making a Deposit

  1. Select Payment Method: Choose your preferred payment method from the options available.
  2. Enter Amount: Enter the amount you wish to deposit.
  3. Complete Transaction: Follow the on-screen instructions to complete the transaction.

Safety and Legality

Regulatory Compliance

  • Licensed Operators: Ensure that the app is operated by a licensed entity to guarantee fair play and secure transactions.
  • Data Protection: The app should comply with data protection regulations to safeguard user information.

Responsible Gaming

  • Self-Exclusion Options: The app should offer self-exclusion options for players who wish to take a break from gaming.
  • Deposit Limits: Set deposit limits to manage your spending and ensure responsible gaming.

The Online Satta King App has transformed the traditional Satta Matka game into a modern, accessible, and enjoyable experience. With its user-friendly interface, secure transactions, and real-time updates, it offers a seamless gaming experience for both new and seasoned players. However, it is crucial to ensure that the app is operated by a licensed entity and to practice responsible gaming to fully enjoy the experience.

द किंग ऑनलाइन रिजल्ट मटका

In the ever-evolving world of online entertainment, one name stands out as the undisputed king: Online Result Matka. This digital phenomenon has captivated millions, offering a unique blend of thrill, strategy, and chance. Let’s delve into what makes Online Result Matka the reigning monarch in the realm of online gaming.

What is Online Result Matka?

Online Result Matka is a modern adaptation of the traditional Indian game of Matka, which originated in the 1950s. The game involves betting on randomly drawn numbers, with players predicting the outcome of a draw. The online version has taken this classic game and transformed it into a digital experience, accessible to players worldwide.

Key Features of Online Result Matka

  • Real-Time Results: Players can access results instantly, adding to the excitement and immediacy of the game.
  • User-Friendly Interface: The online platform is designed to be intuitive, making it easy for both beginners and seasoned players to navigate.
  • Secure Transactions: Advanced security measures ensure that all transactions are safe and secure, giving players peace of mind.
  • Multiple Betting Options: Players can choose from a variety of betting options, increasing the game’s versatility and appeal.

Why Online Result Matka is the King

1. Accessibility

One of the primary reasons Online Result Matka reigns supreme is its accessibility. Players can enjoy the game from the comfort of their homes, using any internet-connected device. This convenience has made it a favorite among gaming enthusiasts.

2. Variety of Games

Online Result Matka offers a wide range of games, each with its own set of rules and strategies. This variety keeps the gameplay fresh and engaging, preventing players from getting bored.

3. Community and Social Interaction

The online platform fosters a sense of community among players. Social features such as chat rooms and forums allow players to interact, share strategies, and discuss results, enhancing the overall gaming experience.

4. Bonuses and Promotions

Online Result Matka platforms often offer attractive bonuses and promotions to attract new players and retain existing ones. These incentives can include welcome bonuses, referral rewards, and loyalty programs, making the game even more enticing.

How to Play Online Result Matka

Step-by-Step Guide

  1. Choose a Platform: Select a reputable Online Result Matka platform that offers a secure and enjoyable gaming experience.
  2. Create an Account: Sign up for an account by providing the necessary details and verifying your identity.
  3. Deposit Funds: Use the available payment methods to deposit funds into your account.
  4. Select a Game: Browse through the available games and choose one that suits your preferences.
  5. Place Your Bets: Decide on your betting strategy and place your bets.
  6. Wait for the Result: The draw will take place, and the results will be displayed on your screen.
  7. Withdraw Your Winnings: If you win, you can withdraw your winnings using the available withdrawal methods.

Online Result Matka has solidified its position as the king of online gaming by offering a thrilling, accessible, and secure gaming experience. With its variety of games, community features, and enticing bonuses, it continues to attract and retain a loyal player base. Whether you’re a seasoned player or a newcomer, Online Result Matka promises an unforgettable gaming adventure.

द किंग ऑनलाइन रिजल्ट मटका

In the ever-evolving world of online entertainment, one game has managed to capture the hearts of many: Online Result Matka. This game, deeply rooted in tradition but adapted for the digital age, has become a kingpin in the realm of online gambling. Let’s delve into what makes this game so captivating and how it has risen to prominence in the online entertainment industry.

What is Online Result Matka?

Online Result Matka is a modern adaptation of the traditional Indian game of Matka, which involves betting on randomly drawn numbers. The game has been around for decades, but its online version has brought it to a global audience. Here’s a breakdown of the key components:

  • Traditional Roots: The original Matka game originated in Mumbai and was a popular form of gambling in the 1960s. It involved betting on the opening and closing rates of cotton transmitted from the New York Cotton Exchange.
  • Digital Transformation: With the advent of the internet, Matka has transitioned into an online format, making it accessible to players worldwide.
  • Random Number Draws: The core gameplay remains the same, with players betting on numbers that are randomly drawn. The excitement lies in predicting the correct numbers.

The popularity of Online Result Matka can be attributed to several factors:

1. Simplicity and Accessibility

  • Easy to Understand: The rules are straightforward, making it accessible to both novice and experienced players.
  • Global Reach: The online platform allows players from different parts of the world to participate, increasing its popularity.

2. Excitement and Thrill

  • Randomness: The unpredictability of the number draws adds an element of thrill and excitement.
  • Quick Results: Players get instant results, which keeps the adrenaline high and the gameplay engaging.

3. Community and Social Interaction

  • Online Communities: Players can join online forums and communities to discuss strategies, share tips, and interact with fellow enthusiasts.
  • Live Chat Features: Many platforms offer live chat features, enhancing the social aspect of the game.

How to Play Online Result Matka

Playing Online Result Matka is a simple process:

  1. Choose a Platform: Select a reputable online platform that offers Matka games.
  2. Create an Account: Sign up and create an account on the chosen platform.
  3. Deposit Funds: Add funds to your account to start betting.
  4. Place Your Bets: Choose your numbers and place your bets.
  5. Wait for the Draw: The platform will conduct a random number draw.
  6. Check Results: Instantly see if your numbers match the drawn numbers.
  7. Withdraw Winnings: If you win, you can withdraw your winnings easily.

Safety and Security

When engaging in online gambling, safety and security are paramount. Here are some tips to ensure a safe gaming experience:

  • Choose Reputable Platforms: Opt for well-known and licensed platforms to avoid scams.
  • Secure Transactions: Ensure the platform uses secure payment methods and encryption to protect your financial information.
  • Responsible Gambling: Set limits on your bets and time spent playing to avoid addiction.

Online Result Matka has successfully bridged the gap between tradition and modernity, becoming a king in the online entertainment industry. Its simplicity, excitement, and global accessibility have made it a favorite among players. As with any form of gambling, it’s important to play responsibly and choose secure platforms to ensure a safe and enjoyable experience. Whether you’re a seasoned player or a newcomer, Online Result Matka offers a thrilling and engaging way to test your luck and strategy.

satta king australia

Introduction to Satta King

Satta King, also known as Satta Matka, is a popular form of lottery-based gambling that originated in India. Over the years, it has gained significant popularity worldwide, including in Australia. This article provides a detailed overview of Satta King in Australia, including its rules, how to play, and the legal aspects involved.

What is Satta King?

Satta King is a number-based game where participants bet on the outcome of a random number selection. The game involves selecting numbers from a given range and placing bets on those numbers. The winning number is drawn randomly, and the person who bets on that number wins the game.

Key Features of Satta King:

  • Number Selection: Players choose numbers from a specified range.
  • Betting: Players place bets on their chosen numbers.
  • Random Drawing: A winning number is drawn randomly.
  • Payout: The winner receives a payout based on the bet amount and the odds.

How to Play Satta King in Australia

Playing Satta King in Australia involves a few simple steps:

  1. Choose a Platform: Select a reputable online platform or app that offers Satta King games.
  2. Register: Create an account by providing necessary details.
  3. Deposit Funds: Add funds to your account to place bets.
  4. Select Numbers: Choose your numbers from the given range.
  5. Place Bets: Enter the amount you wish to bet on each number.
  6. Wait for the Draw: The winning number is drawn randomly.
  7. Claim Winnings: If your number matches the winning number, claim your payout.

The legality of Satta King in Australia can be complex due to varying state regulations. Here are some key points to consider:

  • State Regulations: Each Australian state has its own gambling laws. Some states may allow online gambling, while others may have stricter regulations.
  • Licensing: Ensure that the platform you use is licensed and regulated by the relevant authorities.
  • Responsible Gambling: Always gamble responsibly and be aware of the risks involved.
  • Age Restrictions: You must be of legal gambling age (usually 18 or 21, depending on the state).
  • Tax Implications: Winnings from gambling may be subject to taxation. Consult with a tax professional for advice.
  • Problem Gambling: If you or someone you know has a gambling problem, seek help from support services.

Tips for Playing Satta King

To enhance your experience and improve your chances, consider the following tips:

  • Research: Understand the rules and odds of the game before playing.
  • Budget: Set a budget for your bets and stick to it.
  • Diversify: Spread your bets across multiple numbers to increase your chances.
  • Stay Informed: Keep up with the latest trends and strategies in Satta King.

Satta King is a thrilling and potentially rewarding form of gambling that has found its way to Australia. By understanding the rules, following legal guidelines, and playing responsibly, you can enjoy this exciting game. Always remember to gamble responsibly and seek help if needed.

Final Thoughts:

  • Enjoy the Game: Satta King can be a fun and exciting way to test your luck.
  • Stay Informed: Keep yourself updated with the latest developments in the game.
  • Responsible Gambling: Always prioritize responsible gambling practices.

Frequently Questions

What is the best online Satta King app for 2023?

Finding the best Satta King app for 2023 involves considering several factors such as user reviews, security, and ease of use. One highly recommended app is 'Satta King Pro,' known for its intuitive interface and reliable results. It offers real-time updates and secure transactions, ensuring a seamless experience. Another top contender is 'Satta King Fast,' which boasts a user-friendly design and quick access to game results. Always ensure to download from official sources to avoid scams and ensure data safety. These apps are designed to enhance your Satta King experience with timely updates and secure gameplay.

What is the Dubai Satta King app and how does it work?

The Dubai Satta King app is a popular online platform for playing the traditional Indian lottery game, Satta Matka. Users can place bets on various numbers and win prizes based on the randomly drawn numbers. The app simplifies the betting process, allowing players to participate from anywhere. It features a user-friendly interface, real-time updates, and secure transactions. To use the app, players select their numbers, place their bets, and wait for the results. The app ensures fair play and timely payouts, making it a convenient option for Satta Matka enthusiasts.

 

What is the best Satta app to play online?

When choosing the best Satta app to play online, consider 'Satta King Fast' for its user-friendly interface and reliable performance. This app offers a seamless gaming experience with quick results and secure transactions. For a more diverse selection, 'Satta Matka Indian' provides various game modes and frequent updates. Both apps prioritize user safety with encrypted data and secure payment gateways. Always ensure to verify the app's legitimacy and read user reviews before downloading to ensure a safe and enjoyable gaming experience.

How to access the August 2018 Satta King chart online?

To access the August 2018 Satta King chart online, visit reputable Satta King websites that archive historical results. Use search terms like 'August 2018 Satta King chart' to find specific results. Ensure the site is reliable to avoid scams. Some sites may require registration or a subscription to view detailed historical data. Always verify the authenticity of the website and avoid sharing personal information. This method allows you to conveniently review past Satta King outcomes for strategic analysis or personal interest.

What is the Dubai Satta King app and how does it work?

The Dubai Satta King app is a popular online platform for playing the traditional Indian lottery game, Satta Matka. Users can place bets on various numbers and win prizes based on the randomly drawn numbers. The app simplifies the betting process, allowing players to participate from anywhere. It features a user-friendly interface, real-time updates, and secure transactions. To use the app, players select their numbers, place their bets, and wait for the results. The app ensures fair play and timely payouts, making it a convenient option for Satta Matka enthusiasts.